Research Applications
Pulmonary Hypertension
Inhaled VIP reduces pulmonary artery pressure and improves right heart function. Clinical trials have been conducted.
COVID-19 ARDS
Aviptadil (synthetic VIP) received emergency use investigation for COVID-19-related ARDS, showing improved oxygenation.
Autoimmune Diseases
Preclinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease models.
Neuroprotection
VIP protects against excitotoxicity and promotes neural stem cell differentiation.
Mechanism of Action
VIP binds VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors, activating cAMP/PKA signaling. In vascular smooth muscle, this produces vasodilation. In immune cells, cAMP elevation suppresses NF-κB-mediated inflammatory gene transcription, inhibits Th1/Th17 differentiation while promoting Treg cells, and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12). In neurons, VIP provides neuroprotection through BDNF upregulation and anti-apoptotic signaling.
Biological Pathways
VPAC1/2→Gs→cAMP→PKA for vasodilation and immunomodulation. PKA→CREB for gene transcription. NF-κB suppression for anti-inflammation. BDNF/TrkB for neuroprotection.
Dosage Information
Calculation Results
Syringe Fill Level (100u syringe)
Protocols
No protocols featuring this peptide yet.
Browse All ProtocolsStability & Storage
VIP is extremely sensitive to degradation in serum (half-life <1 minute). Store lyophilized at -20°C. Reconstituted solutions must be used quickly. Inhaled and intranasal delivery bypass systemic degradation. Lipidated and PEGylated analogs under development for extended half-life.
Side Effects & Precautions
Transient hypotension and tachycardia (vasodilation). Diarrhea (stimulates intestinal secretion). Flushing and warmth. Hypoglycemia risk at high doses. Limited human safety data for chronic systemic use.
Research Use Only. This information is for educational and research purposes only. Not intended for medical advice or self-medication.
Regulatory Status
VIP is not FDA-approved as a standalone drug. Aviptadil (synthetic VIP) has been investigated under EUA and IND for COVID-19 ARDS. Investigational for other indications. Not WADA-prohibited.
Research Studies
VIP for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Leuchte HH, Baezner C, Baumgartner RA, et al.
